10K white gold contains 41.7% pure gold by weight -- the minimum gold purity permitted for jewelry to be sold as gold in the United States. This percentage is derived from the karat fraction: 10 karats out of a 24-karat scale equals 10 divided by 24, which is 41.666...%, conventionally stated as 41.7%. The remaining 58.3% of the alloy consists of other metals -- primarily palladium, silver, copper, nickel, or zinc in various combinations -- that give white gold its white color, workability for chain fabrication, and structural strength.
Comparing 10K to other karat levels shows what the gold content percentage means in practical terms. 14K white gold contains 58.5% pure gold (14/24), which is 16.8 percentage points more gold than 10K. 18K white gold contains 75% pure gold (18/24), which is 33.3 percentage points more than 10K. Each step up in karat represents a meaningful increase in gold content and therefore in intrinsic metal value. A 14K white gold figaro chain contains approximately 40% more pure gold by weight than a 10K chain of the same gram weight, which accounts for the price premium between the two karat levels.
The 41.7% gold content in 10K white gold makes it a genuine gold product throughout -- not gold-plated, gold-filled, or gold-tone. Every gram of a 10K white gold figaro chain contains 0.417 grams of pure gold. The current gold spot price can be used to calculate the approximate intrinsic gold value of any 10K chain: multiply the gram weight by 0.417 to get pure gold content in grams, then multiply by the current gold price per gram. This floor value is what the chain will be worth at minimum as a gold piece, independent of craftsmanship or retail premiums.